Influence of roughness on the detection of mechanical characteristics of low-k film by the surface acoustic waves

The surface acoustic wave （SAW） technique is a precise and nondestructive method to detect the mechanical charac- teristics of the thin low dielectric constant （low-k） film by matching the theoretical dispersion curve with the experimental dispersion curve. In this paper, the influence of sample roughness on the precision of SAW mechanical detection is inves- tigated in detail. Random roughness values at the surface of low-k film and at the interface between this low-k film and the substrate are obtained by the Monte Carlo method. The dispersive characteristic of SAW on the layered structure with rough surface and rough interface is modeled by numerical simulation of finite element method. The Young＇s moduli of the Black DiamondTM samples with different roughness values are determined by SAWs in the experiment. The results show that the influence of sample roughness is very small when the root-mean-square （RMS） of roughness is smaller than 50 nm and correlation length is smaller than 20 μm. This study indicates that the SAW technique is reliable and precise in the nondestructive mechanical detection for low-k films.     

人体肱二头肌静态等长收缩振动模态研究*

本文研究肱二头肌静态收缩振动规律。利用多物理场有限元仿真软件COMSOL建立肱二头肌仿真模型,计算肱二头肌在静态时的本征频率及其模态,同时检测静态负荷弯举的肱二头肌肌声信号。模拟结果显示肱二头肌静态等长收缩振动模态主要有5种,且随振动频率的升高,振动模态趋于复杂。实验测量反映了肱二头肌静态收缩肌声振动能量集中在超低频区。仿真模拟结果与实验统计数据进行对比分析,发现肱二头肌在超低频区域振动的模态在y轴方向受力伸缩的同时,出现x轴和z轴方向的振动。振动主峰频率平均在12 Hz。     

Kalman滤波辅助的室内伪卫星相对定位算法

在室内伪卫星独立定位系统中, 伪卫星以及接收机的钟差会给定位精度带来非常大的误差. 针对这一问题, 提出了一种适用于室内环境的相对定位算法. 使用Kalman定位算法粗略计算接收机位置, 获得粗略基线, 建立室内相对定位模型, 得到载波相位双差和伪距双差. 载波相位双差通过互补Kalman滤波器来平滑伪距双差, 进一步得到精确基线, 获得接收机精确位置, 并将其代替Kalman定位算法的校正结果, 对接收机进行下一状态预测. 实验结果表明, 该算法具有较高的定位精度, 定位误差在20 cm以内. 关键词： 伪卫星 相对定位 双基线 Kalman滤波     

基于形态滤波的心电信号去除基线漂移方法

去除基线漂移是心电信号预处理过程中的重要一步,常见方法具有计算量大、结果不佳等缺陷.本文运用形态学理论,结合心电信号特征,提出了基于形态学的心电信号基线漂移去除方法.该方法采用不同形状及尺寸的结构元素设计了两级形态学滤波器,分别对信号进行开闭、闭开级联组合运算.经验证,提出的方法能很好保持心电信号的特征形态,提高了信噪比,减小了均方差,有效去除了基线漂移噪声.     

光子晶体光纤中去极化型声波导布里渊散射频移和散射效率研究

利用矢量有限元法,数值模拟了不同结构参数下光子晶体光纤中空气孔填充率与去极化型声波导布里渊散射频移的关系,以及布里渊散射频移与布里渊散射效率的关系。研究结果表明,空气孔填充率的增大会导致扭转径向模式的去极化型声波导布里渊散射频移下移。空气孔节距或纤芯直径一定时,高阶模式的频移对空气孔填充率的变化更为敏感。扭转径向模式的去极化型布里渊散射效率都随布里渊散射频移的增大而增大。     

光子晶体光纤中去极化型声波导布里渊散射频移和散射效率研究

利用矢量有限元法,数值模拟了不同结构参数下光子晶体光纤中空气孔填充率与去极化型声波导布里渊散射频移的关系,以及布里渊散射频移与布里渊散射效率的关系。研究结果表明,空气孔填充率的增大会导致扭转径向模式的去极化型声波导布里渊散射频移下移。空气孔节距或纤芯直径一定时,高阶模式的频移对空气孔填充率的变化更为敏感。扭转径向模式的去极化型布里渊散射效率都随布里渊散射频移的增大而增大。     

基于频率特征的薄膜损伤声学判别方法

利用声学法研究单层氧化硅薄膜在不同激光能量下的损伤情况,建立了激光致薄膜产生的声波采集系统,对其采集到的时域信号进行傅里叶变换,比较和分析薄膜损伤前后声波24~40kHz高频段的曲线,提取频率特征,并提出用曲线相似函数进行薄膜损伤的识别方法。实验数据结果表明,该方法简单易行,可降低环境噪声的影响,既能实现在线检测,又能准确判别薄膜损伤。     

液体中光击穿所激发声场的方向性研究

从液体中光击穿所激发声场的柱体模型和靶盘模型出发,运用声学基础的理论原理,提出了等离子体椭球模型,对光击穿所激发声场的方向性进行了理论研究.通过MATLAB仿真得到此声场的方向特性图,进而分析和比较了能量不同、照射区域大小不同的激光束所激发声场的方向性.研究表明等离子体椭球模型更符合实验情况.     

Experimental demonstration of underwater acoustic communication using bionic signals

This paper applies dolphin whistles to covert underwater acoustic (UWA) communication and proposes a UWA communication scheme based on M-ary bionic signal coding. At the transmitter end, the scheme maps multiple information bits into a dolphin whistle through a signal selector. At the receiver end, passive time reversal mirror (PTRM) is used for channel equalization and source information is restored according to the decision of which whistle is transmitted. The scheme has high spread spectrum gain. The anti multi-path performance is greatly improved when using PTRM. Different from traditional covert UWA communication methods, this mimicked signal is unlikely to alert an adversary even in high SNRs because of its real existence in marine environment. A tank experiment is conducted for the scheme, at communication rate of 50 bit/s with SNR −5 dB user information is recovered at a very low bit error rate. The results of tank experiment demonstrate the feasibility of this covert UWA communication scheme.